Products, such as veneer, plywood, laminate of products, particleboard, waferboard, pulp and paper, hardboard, and fiberboard, made from the stems and branches of coniferous (softwood) and deciduous (hardwood) tree species. The living portion of the tree is the region closest to the bark and is commonly referred to as sapwood; the dead portion of the tree is called heartwood. In many species, especially hardwoods, the heartwood changes color because of chemical changes in it. The heartwood of walnut, for example, is dark brown and the sapwood, almost white.