Disease that arises from infected water and is transmitted when the water is used for drinking or cooking (for example, cholera or typhoid). It is to be distinguished from water-based and water-related diseases. Water-based diseases are those in which water provides the habitat for host organisms of parasites ingested (for example, schistosomiasis). Water-related diseases are those in which insect vectors rely on water as habitat but transmission is not through direct contact with water (for example, malaria or onchocerciasis).