A process in which humanitarian organizations negotiate with one warring party the right to deliver a specified number of aid shipments, along a specified route, to a population in need (usually in exchange for helping other groups less in need at the request of the warring party), instead of demanding unhindered access and delivery of relief aid strictly according to need; this process is sometimes criticized as it tends to confer legitimacy upon warring parties and coincidentally facilitates the incorporation of relief aid into military strategies, reinforcing their capacity to wage war and offering an incentive to starve captive civilian populations to bolster a negotiating position; also found: "integrated UN/NGO negotiated access programs", under which international NGOs gain access to conflict zones.