- Industry: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
Cerebrosides which contain as their polar head group a galactose moiety bound in glycosidic linkage to the hydroxyl group of ceramide. Their accumulation in tissue, due to a defect in beta-galactosidase, is the cause of galactosylceramide lipidosis or globoid cell leukodystrophy.
Industry:Medical
An identifiable, polymorphic region of DNA (i.e., marker) located to the side of a gene (i.e., flanking), as opposed to an intragenic marker which is located within the gene itself. Flanking markers are used in linkage analysis to track the coinheritance of the gene in question.
Industry:Medical
1) The phenotypic and genotypic differences among individuals in a population.
2) A phenotypic variance of a trait in a population attributed to genetic heterogeneity.
3) Genetic variation refers to diversity in gene frequencies. Genetic variation can refer to differences between individuals or to differences between populations. Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation, but mechanisms such as sexual reproduction and genetic drift contribute to it as well.
Industry:Medical
1) Any of four small muscles of the hand each of which arises by two heads from the dorsal aspect of two adjacent metacarpals, extends along the interval between them to insert into the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb side of the index finger, the little-finger or thumb side of the middle finger, or the little-finger side of the fourth finger, and acts to draw the fingers away from the long axis of the middle finger, flex the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints, and extend their distal two phalanges.
2) Any of four small muscles of the foot each of which arises by two heads from the dorsal aspects of the adjacent sides of two metatarsals, extends along the interval between them to insert into the base of the first phalanx of the medial side of the second toe or the lateral side of the second, third, or fourth toe, and acts to draw the toes away from the long axis of the second toe, flex their proximal phalanges, and extend the distal phalanges.
Industry:Medical
1) Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of triglycerides, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of fatty acids.
2) An abnormal condition of the liver that is characterized by lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes to the extent that lipids account for more than five percent of liver weight and that is caused especially by injury, malnutrition, or hepatotoxins.
3) A liver affected with fatty liver.
Industry:Medical
1) The process by which a gene's coded information is translated into the structures present and operating in the cell (either proteins or RNAs).
2) Gene expression is the process by which the information encoded in a gene is used to direct the assembly of a protein molecule. The cell reads the sequence of the gene in groups of three bases. Each group of three bases (codon) corresponds to one of 20 different amino acids used to build the protein.
Industry:Medical
The number of copies of a given gene present in a cell or nucleus. An increase in gene dosage can result in the formation of higher levels of gene product, provided that the gene is not subject to autogenous regulation.
Industry:Medical
1) A form of gene library containing the complete DNA sequences present in the genome of a given organism. It contrasts with a cDNA library which contains only sequences utilized in protein coding (lacking introns).
2) A collection of clones made from a set of randomly generated overlapping DNA fragments representing the entire genome of an organism.
Industry:Medical
1) The genetic constitution of an organism or cell; also refers to the specific set of alleles inherited at a locus
2) A genotype is an individual's collection of genes. The term also can refer to the two alleles inherited for a particular gene. The genotype is expressed when the information encoded in the genes' DNA is used to make protein and RNA molecules. The expression of the genotype contributes to the individual's observable traits, called the phenotype.
Industry:Medical
